The Eyre Rolls are a series of manuscript rolls recording the court cases heard before the Kings justices on their tour of Duty around the counties. Whilst they predominantly tell the story of the misdemeanours of our ancestors, they do also give a flavour of the life of the villagers as well. You will see from the examples below that the village could often be held responsible as a community, for the felonies committed by individuals who lived in it
Item 1
Hugo of Len sought refuge in the church of Somersham, where knowing him to be a thief, the town renounced him in the presence of the coroner. Chattels of his to the value of 3 pence for which Thomas de Belhus, the sheriff will be responsible (for collecting). And he is not of the town of Somersham. Therefore compassion (is given)
And the towns of Bluntisham, Colne, Holywell cum Needingworth all ask reverently to abjure him before the coroner. Therefore compassion (is given).
The aforesaid Hugo is not known by the tithings (local groups of ten people) because he is a stranger from the county of Norfolk. And because Philip de Rypton was the coroner in whose presence the denials (by the towns) were made, it was assigned to him (to collect the relevant fines).
Item 2
Margaret the daughter of William Springhoff was struck in the head by a kick from the foot of a mule as a result of which she died three days later. The first to come across her were four neighbours who are not suspected nor is anyone else.
Judgement – misfortune.
The price of the mare was 3 shillings for which the sheriff of Somersham was responsible. The town of Somersham and Bluntisham were found to have falsely valued the aforesaid animal in the presence of the coroner.
On that account they (seek) compassion.
Twelve jurors concluded that the animal aforesaid is forfeit.
And the twelve account thus the appeal for mercy.
Item 3
Simon Godfrey and Eustace Pope of Somersham were playing at the same time in the cemetery of the same town, taking their turns at running and they collided in such a way that, as a result of misfortune, Simon fell and broke his neck. And the aforesaid Eustace fled at once, but he is not suspected and the fact that this happened was a matter of misfortune, caused neither by malice nor by felony. Chattels of his are confiscated for fleeing. Chattels of his to the value of six pence (are confiscated) for which the town of Somersham is responsible. And if it is possible to find him in this bailiwick he is to be taken before the sheriff who has a warrant for his arrest, excepting only and hoping for the grace of our Lord King.
Item 4
Beatrix the daughter of William Peck fell into a ditch near the town of Somersham and was drowned. It as discovered that she had died. Three reltives came from nearby (to her) and they are not suspected. Therefore they may go in peace. And Robert le Leche who was nearby but did not come although he was not suspected, had his goods attached by Petrum de Elyngham of Somersham and William Hauk of the same place through whom he has no virtuous standing. Therefore compassion is shown. Judgement: Misfortune.